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Third Crusade

Medieval

The Third Crusade (1189-1192) was an attempt led by King Philip II of France, King Richard I of England and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187, fought by a coalition including the Angevin Empire, France, the Holy Roman Empire, Hungary, Genoa, Navarre, Pisa, the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Antioch, the Knights Templar, the Knights Hospitaller and the Teutonic Order against the Ayyubid Sultanate and its allies. The crusade was partially successful, recapturing Acre and Jaffa and reversing most of Saladin's conquests in the Kingdom of Jerusalem, but it failed to retake Jerusalem itself, and on 2 September 1192 Richard and Saladin finalized the Treaty of Jaffa, which recognized Muslim control of Jerusalem but allowed unarmed Christian pilgrims and merchants to visit the city. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

Facts
Start Year
1189 1
End Year
1192 1
Combatants
Crusader coalition of the Angevin Empire, France, the Holy Roman Empire, Hungary, Genoa, Navarre, Pisa, Jerusalem, Antioch, the Templars, Hospitallers and Teutonic Order against the Ayyubid Sultanate, the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum, the Nizari Ismaili state, the Byzantine Empire and Cyprus 1
Outcome
Partial Crusader success: Acre and Jaffa recaptured and most of Saladin's conquests in the Kingdom of Jerusalem reversed, but Jerusalem itself not retaken; ended with the Treaty of Jaffa (2 September 1192) 1
Classification
Conflict Type
Religious War 1
Connections

Commanders and Forces

Knights Hospitaller, Armed Forces and Units

Hospitaller knights fought alongside Richard the Lionheart's forces during the Third Crusade, including at the Battle of Arsuf

Knights Templar, Armed Forces and Units
Source Wikipedia: Knights Templar
Teutonic Knights, Armed Forces and Units

The Teutonic Knights trace their founding to the German field hospital established during the siege of Acre in the Third Crusade

Led By

Saladin, Commanders
Additional Source Wikipedia: Third CrusadeInfobox: Commanders and leaders (Muslim/Byzantine side)
In the Other Atlases
Sources
1. Wikipedia: Third Crusade
  • Lead section, para 1
    The Third Crusade (1189-1192) was an attempt led by King Philip II of France, King Richard I of England, and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187.
  • Infobox: Date
    11 May 1189 - 2 September 1192
  • Infobox: Belligerents
    Angevin Empire, Kingdom of France, Holy Roman Empire ... Ayyubid Sultanate, Seljuk Sultanate of Rum, Nizari Ismaili state
  • Body: Outcome
    The Crusade was partially successful. It recaptured the important cities of Acre and Jaffa, as well as successfully reversing most of Saladin's conquests (primarily in the Kingdom of Jerusalem), but failed in the ultimate goal to conquer Jerusalem.
  • Conflict-type attribute (third-crusade)
    The Third Crusade (1189-1192) was an attempt led by King Philip II of France, King Richard I of England and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187, fought by a coalition including the Angevin Empire, France, the Holy Roman Empire, Hungary, Genoa, Navarre, Pisa, the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Antioch, the Knights Templar, the Knights Hospitaller and the Teutonic Order against the Ayyubid Sultanate and its allies.
  • Part Of: Crusades, Infobox: Part of
    Part of the Crusades and Byzantine-Seljuk wars
  • Led By: Saladin, Infobox: Commanders and leaders (Muslim/Byzantine side)
    Saladin
View the Source
Wikipedia: Knights Templar
WikipediaCommanders and Forces: Knights TemplarView the Source
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