Muslim Conquest of Transoxiana

The Muslim conquest of Transoxiana was the campaign by which Muslim armies brought the region between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers in Central Asia under Islamic rule between 651 and 751, following closely on the earlier Muslim conquest of Persia. Small-scale incursions began under the Rashidun Caliphate, but organized military campaigns started only after the Umayyad Caliphate was established and continued under the Abbasid Caliphate. Muslim forces fought a range of local rulers, including the Khudahs of Bukhara, the Ikhshids of Samarkand, the Afrighids of Khwarizm and the Turgesh Khaganate, and at times Tang dynasty China and the Tibetan Empire, eventually conquering Sogdiana, Khwarizm and the Ferghana Valley and beginning the Islamization of the region.