Creek War

The Creek War, also called the Red Stick War or the Creek Civil War, was a regional conflict of 1813 and 1814 between Native American factions, European powers and the United States in what is now Alabama and along the Gulf Coast. It began as a quarrel inside the Muscogee nation, where the Red Sticks, or Upper Creeks, resisted American expansion and cultural change, while the Lower Creeks traded with the United States. The United States allied with the Choctaw, Cherokee and Lower Creeks, and the Red Sticks received arms from British traders and Spanish officials in Florida. Historian John K. Mahon described it as as much a civil war among Creeks as between red and white. It ended in August 1814 with the Treaty of Fort Jackson, in which Andrew Jackson forced the Creek confederacy to cede over 21 million acres. The war is generally treated as part of the War of 1812.