First Barons' War

The First Barons' War was fought in England from 1215 to 1217 between rebellious major landowners, led by Robert Fitzwalter, and King John. It grew out of John's disastrous wars against King Philip II of France, which cost him the Angevin Empire, and his subsequent refusal to abide by Magna Carta, which he had sealed on 15 June 1215. The rebel barons invited Philip's son Louis to take the English throne, and Louis landed in 1216 with an army, taking Winchester and gaining control of roughly half of England, and was proclaimed though never crowned king in London. The war ended in victory for the English monarchy under the Treaty of Lambeth, which restored Magna Carta.