The Hundred Years' War was a series of connected conflicts fought between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France from 1337 to 1453 over the English crown's claim to the French throne and control of French territory. Fighting proceeded across intermittent phases rather than one continuous campaign, marked by English victories at Crecy in 1346, Poitiers in 1356 and Agincourt in 1415, the French recovery led by Joan of Arc from 1429, and the expulsion of English forces from mainland France by 1453, leaving Calais as England's last continental holding. Total deaths from combat, famine and the concurrent Black Death are not disentangled in the surviving record, and historians give only broad, debated regional estimates rather than one reconciled figure for the war as a whole. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Facts
CombatantsKingdom of England and its allies against the Kingdom of France and its allies 1 OutcomeFrench victory; England lost nearly all its continental territory, retaining only Calais 1 Classification
Death Toll Min Conflict Type Connections
Associated With
The arbalest, a powerful mechanical crossbow, was used by mercenary crossbowmen throughout the Hundred Years' War
Early hand culverins and cannon appeared in the final campaigns of the Hundred Years' War, notably at the siege of Orleans
Source Wikipedia: Longbow
The longsword, wielded two handed by armored men at arms, was a common battlefield weapon of the Hundred Years' War
Poleaxe, Weapons Systems Dismounted knights fought with the poleaxe in the close combat of Agincourt and other battles of the Hundred Years' War
Open Questions
Source Wikipedia: Hundred Years' War
Uses
Source Wikipedia: Horseman's pick
Source Wikipedia: Longbow
In the Other Atlases
Same As
Also in History Atlas: the same subject.
Source Wikipedia: Hundred Years' Wartier 2
Sources
1. Wikipedia: Hundred Years' War
Wikipedia- Overview and Casualties sections
Lead text
The Hundred Years' War (French: Guerre de Cent Ans; 1337-1453) was a series of conflicts between the kingdoms of England and France and a civil war in France during the late Middle Ages.
Infobox: casualties1
185,250 (approx.) French and English soldiers killed in combat, ~556,000 total French and English military deaths
Lead section
The Hundred Years' War (French: Guerre de Cent Ans; 1337-1453) was a series of conflicts between the kingdoms of England and France and a civil war in France during the late Middle Ages. It emerged from feudal disputes over the Duchy of Aquitaine and was triggered by a claim to the French throne made by Edward III of England.
View the Source Wikipedia: Longbow
Wikipedia- Associated With: Longbow, Middle Ages section
Uses: Longbow, Article text
In the Middle Ages the English and Welsh were famous for their very powerful longbows, used en masse to great effect against the French in the Hundred Years' War, with notable success at the battles of Crécy (1346), Poitiers (1356) and Agincourt (1415).
View the Source Wikipedia: Battle of Agincourt
Battles and Campaigns: Battle of Agincourt, Infobox: Part ofQuote, Battles and Campaigns: Battle of Agincourt, Infobox: Part of
the Hundred Years' War
Wikipedia: Horseman's pick
Uses: Horseman's pick, Wikipedia article textQuote, Uses: Horseman's pick, Wikipedia article text
It was used with great success during the Hundred Years' War.
Open Questions (1 open question)
Why does no single reconciled death toll exist for the Hundred Years' War?
Surviving medieval records mix combat deaths, famine deaths and deaths from the Black Death, which struck partway through the war and killed a large share of the population of both France and England independently of the fighting. No surviving source separates military and civilian losses across the war's many separate campaigns and decades, and modern historians have not attempted to reconcile the regional estimates into one total figure the way later, better-documented wars allow.
What would resolve this A demographic reconstruction disentangling plague mortality from war mortality region by region and campaign by campaign, which no study has yet attempted at the scale the whole war would require.
Medieval historical demographyWikipedia: Hundred Years' War
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