The Imperial Japanese Army was the ground force of the Empire of Japan from the Meiji Restoration period in the 1870s until Japan's defeat in World War II in 1945, built initially on French and later German military models as part of Japan's rapid modernization effort, and grew into a major regional and then global military power that fought successfully in the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894-95 and the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05, the latter marking the first major modern military victory by an Asian power over a European one. Through the 1930s and into World War II the Army drove Japan's aggressive expansion across China following the 1931 Manchurian Incident and the 1937 outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, and subsequently across Southeast Asia and the Pacific following the December 1941 attacks on Pearl Harbor and British and Dutch colonial possessions. The Army's wartime conduct, including mass civilian killings during the 1937 Nanjing Massacre and widespread atrocities against prisoners of war and occupied populations, remains a defining and deeply contested element of its historical legacy across East Asia. Japan's surrender in September 1945 following its defeats across the Pacific and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki brought the Imperial Japanese Army's dissolution, with Japan's postwar constitution renouncing offensive military capability and establishing the significantly more limited Self-Defense Forces in its place.
Facts
Force TypePrincipal ground force of the Empire of Japan, with its own air arm (Imperial Japanese Army Air Service) 1 Founded Year Force Type
Force Type (category) Connections
Fought In
The Imperial Japanese Army fought the 1894-95 First Sino-Japanese War against Qing China on land, including the Manchuria and Shandong campaigns
Operates
Source Wikipedia: Arisaka
Source Wikipedia: Arisaka Type 99 Rifle
Source Wikipedia: Astra Model 900
Source Wikipedia: Fu-Go balloon bomb
Source Wikipedia: Junkers Ju 87 Stuka
Source Wikipedia: Lunge mine
Source Wikipedia: Messerschmitt Bf 109
Source Wikipedia: Murata rifle
Source Wikipedia: Tachi
Source Wikipedia: Type 100 submachine gun
Source Wikipedia: Type 11 light machine gun
Source Wikipedia: Type 3 heavy machine gun
Source Wikipedia: Type 30 bayonet
Source Wikipedia: Type 30 rifle
Source Wikipedia: Type 38 rifle
Source Wikipedia: Type 89 machine gun
Source Wikipedia: Type 92 heavy machine gun
Source Wikipedia: Type 96 light machine gun
Source Wikipedia: Type 97 automatic cannon
Source Military Factory: Arisaka Type 97 Bolt-Action Sniper Rifle
Source Wikipedia: Type 99 light machine gun
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Source Wikipedia: Imperial Japanese ArmyLead paragraph of the cited Wikipedia articletier 4Quote, Lead paragraph of the cited Wikipedia article
The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) was the principal ground force of the Empire of Japan from 1871 to 1945.
Sources
1. Wikipedia: Imperial Japanese Army
WikipediaLead paragraph 1Quote, Lead paragraph 1
The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) was the principal ground force of the Empire of Japan from 1871 to 1945.
View the Source Wikipedia: Type 89 machine gun
Operates: Type 89 machine gun, infobox used_by/operator field: 'Imperial Japanese Army'View the Source Wikipedia: Lunge mine
Operates: Lunge mine, infobox used_by/operator field: 'Imperial Japanese Army'View the Source Wikipedia: Type 97 automatic cannon
Operates: Type 97 automatic cannon, infobox used_by/operator field: 'Imperial Japanese Army'View the Source Military Factory: Arisaka Type 97 Bolt-Action Sniper Rifle
Military FactoryOperates: Type 97 sniper rifle, Operators listQuote, Operates: Type 97 sniper rifle, Operators list
Imperial Japan
View the Source Wikipedia: Type 92 heavy machine gun
Operates: Type 92 heavy machine gun, Users sectionQuote, Operates: Type 92 heavy machine gun, Users section
Empire of Japan: Used by the IJA and various collaborationist forces.
View the Source Wikipedia: Astra Model 900
Operates: Astra Model 900, Users sectionQuote, Operates: Astra Model 900, Users section
Empire of Japan
View the Source Wikipedia: Tachi
WikipediaOperates: Tachi, Article textQuote, Operates: Tachi, Article text
With the rise of statism in Shōwa Japan, the Imperial Japanese Army and the Imperial Japanese Navy implemented swords called shin guntō, worn tachi style (cutting-edge down).
View the Source Wikipedia: Gunto
Operates: Gunto, Article textQuote, Operates: Gunto, Article text
A cherry blossom (a symbol of the Imperial Japanese Army) theme was incorporated into the guard (tsuba), pommels (fuchi and kashira), and ornaments (menuki).
View the Source Wikipedia: Murata rifle
Operates: Murata Rifle, Article bodyQuote, Operates: Murata Rifle, Article body
During the First Sino-Japanese War only two divisions of the Imperial Japanese Army were equipped with the Type 22 rifle, while the rest were equipped with obsolete single-shot versions of the Murata.
View the Source Wikipedia: Type 100 submachine gun
Operates: Type 100 submachine gun, Infobox: used_byQuote, Operates: Type 100 submachine gun, Infobox: used_by
Imperial Japanese Army Imperial Japanese Navy
View the Source Wikipedia: Messerschmitt Bf 109
WikipediaOperates: Messerschmitt Bf 109, Article textQuote, Operates: Messerschmitt Bf 109, Article text
Empire of Japan Imperial Japanese Army Air Force purchased 5 E-7s in 1941.
View the Source Wikipedia: Junkers Ju 87 Stuka
WikipediaOperates: Junkers Ju 87 Stuka, Article textQuote, Operates: Junkers Ju 87 Stuka, Article text
Empire of Japan Imperial Japanese Army Air Force - Purchased two aircraft from Germany for evaluation.
View the Source Wikipedia: Arisaka Type 99 Rifle
WikipediaOperates: Arisaka Type 99 Rifle, Lead sectionQuote, Operates: Arisaka Type 99 Rifle, Lead section
The Type 99 rifle or Type 99 short rifle (九九式短小銃, Kyūkyū-shiki tan-shōjū) was a bolt-action rifle of the Arisaka design used by the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II.
View the Source Wikipedia: Type 11 light machine gun
Operates: Type 11 light machine gun, Lead sectionQuote, Operates: Type 11 light machine gun, Lead section
The Type 11 light machine gun (十一年式軽機関銃, Jyūichinen-shiki Kei-kikanjū) is a light machine gun used by the Imperial Japanese Army in the interwar period and during World War II.
View the Source Wikipedia: Type 30 rifle
Operates: Type 30 rifle, Wikipedia article textQuote, Operates: Type 30 rifle, Wikipedia article text
By 1900, the Imperial Japanese Army had most of its divisions fully equipped with the rifle.
View the Source Wikipedia: Type 96 light machine gun
Operates: Type 96 light machine gun, Lead sectionQuote, Operates: Type 96 light machine gun, Lead section
The Type 96 light machine gun (九六式軽機関銃, Kyūroku-shiki Kei-kikanjū) was a light machine gun used by the Imperial Japanese Army in the interwar period and in World War II.
View the Source Wikipedia: Type 38 rifle
Operates: Type 38 rifle, Wikipedia article textQuote, Operates: Type 38 rifle, Wikipedia article text
The design was adopted by the Imperial Japanese Army in 1905 (the 38th year of the Meiji period, hence "Type 38").
View the Source Wikipedia: Arisaka
Operates: Arisaka, Wikipedia article textQuote, Operates: Arisaka, Wikipedia article text
The Arisaka bolt-action service rifle was used everywhere in the Imperial Japanese Army and the Imperial Japanese Navy.
View the Source Wikipedia: Type 99 light machine gun
Operates: Type 99 Light Machine Gun, Lead sectionQuote, Operates: Type 99 Light Machine Gun, Lead section
The Type 99 light machine gun (九九式軽機関銃, Kyūkyū-shiki Kei-kikanjū) is a light machine gun used by the Imperial Japanese Army in World War II.
View the Source Wikipedia: Fu-Go balloon bomb
Operates: Fu-Go Balloon Bomb, LeadQuote, Operates: Fu-Go Balloon Bomb, Lead
Between November 1944 and April 1945, the Imperial Japanese Army launched about 9,300 balloons from sites on coastal Honshu, of which about 300 were found or observed in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.
View the Source Wikipedia: Type 3 heavy machine gun
Operates: Type 3 heavy machine gun, LeadQuote, Operates: Type 3 heavy machine gun, Lead
The Type 3 heavy machine gun was in a long-line of Japanese Hotchkiss machine gun variants that the Imperial Japanese Army would utilize from 1901 to 1945.
View the Source Wikipedia: Type 30 bayonet
Operates: Type 30 bayonet, LeadQuote, Operates: Type 30 bayonet, Lead
The Type 30 bayonet (三十年式銃剣, sanjūnen-shiki jūken) is a bayonet that was designed for the Imperial Japanese Army to be used with the Arisaka Type 30 Rifle, which was later used on the Type 38 and Type 99 rifles, the Type 96 and Type 99 light machine guns, and the Type 100 submachine gun.
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